Herpes zoster - Matenda A Nsungu
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Herpes zoster matuza pakhosi ndi phewa
References
Shingles, chifukwa cha kuyambiranso kwa kachilombo ka varicella zoster komwe kamayambitsa nkhuku, imakhudza anthu pafupifupi 1 miliyoni pachaka ku United States, ndi chiopsezo cha moyo wonse wa 30%. Odwala omwe ali ndi chitetezo chamthupi chofooka amatha kukhala ndi shingles, ndipo zizindikiro zimayamba ndi malaise, mutu, ndi kutentha thupi pang'ono, kutsatiridwa ndi zowawa zachilendo zapakhungu masiku angapo zisanachitike. Ziphuphuzi, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimawonekera m'dera linalake la thupi, zimachoka kuchoka ku matuza owoneka bwino kupita ku zilonda zotupa pa sabata mpaka masiku khumi. Kuchiza mwachangu ndi mankhwala oletsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda (acyclovir, valacyclovir, or famciclovir) mkati mwa maola 72 chiyambi cha zidzolo ndikofunikira. Postherpetic neuralgia, vuto lodziwika bwino lomwe limadziwika ndi kupweteka kwanthawi yayitali m'dera lomwe lakhudzidwa, limakhudza pafupifupi munthu mmodzi mwa odwala asanu ndipo amafuna kuwongolera mosalekeza ndi mankhwala monga gabapentin, pregabalin, kapena antidepressants, pamodzi ndi mankhwala apakhungu monga lidocaine kapena capsaicin. Katemera wa varicella zoster virus amalangizidwa kwa akuluakulu azaka 50 ndi kupitilira apo kuti achepetse chiopsezo cha shingles.
Shingles, caused by the reactivation of the varicella zoster virus responsible for chickenpox, affects around 1 million people annually in the United States, with a lifetime risk of 30%. Those with weakened immune systems are significantly more prone to developing shingles, with symptoms typically starting with malaise, headache, and a mild fever, followed by unusual skin sensations a few days before the appearance of a rash. This rash, usually appearing in a specific area of the body, progresses from clear blisters to crusted sores over a week to ten days. Prompt treatment with antiviral medications (acyclovir, valacyclovir, or famciclovir) within 72 hours of rash onset is crucial. Postherpetic neuralgia, a common complication characterized by prolonged pain in the affected area, affects about one in five patients and requires ongoing management with medications such as gabapentin, pregabalin, or certain antidepressants, along with topical agents like lidocaine or capsaicin. Vaccination against the varicella zoster virus is recommended for adults aged 50 and above to reduce the risk of shingles.
Shingles, caused by the reactivation of the varicella zoster virus responsible for chickenpox, affects around 1 million people annually in the United States, with a lifetime risk of 30%. Those with weakened immune systems are significantly more prone to developing shingles, with symptoms typically starting with malaise, headache, and a mild fever, followed by unusual skin sensations a few days before the appearance of a rash. This rash, usually appearing in a specific area of the body, progresses from clear blisters to crusted sores over a week to ten days. Prompt treatment with antiviral medications (acyclovir, valacyclovir, or famciclovir) within 72 hours of rash onset is crucial. Postherpetic neuralgia, a common complication characterized by prolonged pain in the affected area, affects about one in five patients and requires ongoing management with medications such as gabapentin, pregabalin, or certain antidepressants, along with topical agents like lidocaine or capsaicin. Vaccination against the varicella zoster virus is recommended for adults aged 50 and above to reduce the risk of shingles.
Herpes zoster imakonda kuchitika pafupipafupi mwa anthu azaka zapakati pa 50 ndi kupitilira apo, omwe ali ndi chitetezo chamthupi chofooka, komanso omwe amamwa mankhwala ochepetsa thupi. Zimayambitsidwa ndi kuyambiranso kwa kachilombo ka varicella-zoster, kachilombo komwe kamayambitsa nkhuku. Zizindikiro monga kutentha thupi, kupweteka, ndi kuyabwa nthawi zambiri zimatsogolera mawonekedwe a zidzolo. Chovuta chofala kwambiri ndi post-herpetic neuralgia, chomwe chimakhala kupweteka kosalekeza kwa mitsempha pambuyo pa zidzolozo. Zowopsa ndi zovuta zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi herpes zoster zimasiyana malinga ndi zaka, thanzi la chitetezo cha mthupi, komanso nthawi yoyambira chithandizo. Katemera kwa anthu azaka 60 ndi kupitilira apo wawonetsedwa kuti amachepetsa kwambiri kupezeka kwa herpes zoster ndi post-herpetic neuralgia. Kuyamba kumwa mankhwala oletsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi zochepetsera ululu mkati mwa maola 72 kuchokera ku zidzolo kungachepetse kuopsa ndi zovuta za herpes zoster ndi post-herpetic neuralgia.
Herpes zoster tends to occur more frequently in people aged 50 and older, those with weakened immune systems, and those taking immunosuppressant medications. It's triggered by the reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus, the same virus that causes chickenpox. Symptoms like fever, pain, and itching commonly precede the appearance of the characteristic rash. The most common complication is post-herpetic neuralgia, which is persistent nerve pain after the rash clears up. The risk factors and complications associated with herpes zoster vary depending on age, immune health, and timing of treatment initiation. Vaccination for individuals aged 60 and above has been shown to significantly reduce the occurrence of herpes zoster and post-herpetic neuralgia. Starting antiviral medications and pain relievers within 72 hours of rash onset can lessen the severity and complications of herpes zoster and post-herpetic neuralgia.
Herpes zoster tends to occur more frequently in people aged 50 and older, those with weakened immune systems, and those taking immunosuppressant medications. It's triggered by the reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus, the same virus that causes chickenpox. Symptoms like fever, pain, and itching commonly precede the appearance of the characteristic rash. The most common complication is post-herpetic neuralgia, which is persistent nerve pain after the rash clears up. The risk factors and complications associated with herpes zoster vary depending on age, immune health, and timing of treatment initiation. Vaccination for individuals aged 60 and above has been shown to significantly reduce the occurrence of herpes zoster and post-herpetic neuralgia. Starting antiviral medications and pain relievers within 72 hours of rash onset can lessen the severity and complications of herpes zoster and post-herpetic neuralgia.
Mayesero azachipatala asanavomerezedwe akuwonetsa kuti katemera wa live zoster amagwira ntchito mozungulira 50 mpaka 70%, pomwe katemera wa recombinant amachita bwino, kuyambira 90 mpaka 97%. M'maphunziro adziko lenileni, amathandizira zomwe zapezeka m'mayeserowa, zomwe zikuwonetsa kuti katemera wamoyo ndi pafupifupi 46% wogwira ntchito, pomwe wophatikizanso amakhala pafupifupi 85%.
The pre-licensure clinical trials show the efficacy of the live zoster vaccine to be between 50 and 70% and for the recombinant vaccine to be higher at 90 to 97%. Real-world effectiveness studies, with a follow-up of approximately 10 years, were reviewed in this article. These data corroborated the efficacy studies, with vaccine effectiveness being 46% and 85% for the live and recombinant vaccines, respectively.
The pre-licensure clinical trials show the efficacy of the live zoster vaccine to be between 50 and 70% and for the recombinant vaccine to be higher at 90 to 97%. Real-world effectiveness studies, with a follow-up of approximately 10 years, were reviewed in this article. These data corroborated the efficacy studies, with vaccine effectiveness being 46% and 85% for the live and recombinant vaccines, respectively.
Chickenpox, yomwe imatchedwanso varicella, imachokera ku matenda oyamba ndi kachilomboka, omwe amapezeka paubwana kapena unyamata. Nkhuku ikachira, kachilomboka kamatha kukhala kosagwira ntchito (tagona) m'maselo a minyewa yamunthu kwa zaka kapena makumi angapo, pambuyo pake amatha kuyambiranso. matenda a nsungu (herpes zoster) zotsatira pamene dormant varicella virus yayambiranso. Kenako kachilomboka kamayenda m’mitsempha kupita ku minyewa ya pakhungu, n’kupanga matuza. Pakuphulika kwa matenda a nsungu (herpes zoster) , kukhudzana ndi kachilombo ka varisela komwe kamapezeka mu matuza a matenda a nsungu (herpes zoster) kumatha kuyambitsa nkhuku mwa munthu yemwe sanakhalepo ndi nkhuku.
Zomwe zimayambitsa kuyambiranso kwa kachilombo koyambitsa matendawa ndi ukalamba, kufooka kwa chitetezo chamthupi, komanso kutenga nkhuku usanakwanitse miyezi 18. Varicella zoster virus si yofanana ndi kachilombo ka herpes simplex, ngakhale onse ali m'banja limodzi la herpesviruses.
Katemera wa matenda a nsungu (herpes zoster) amachepetsa chiopsezo cha matenda a nsungu (herpes zoster) ndi 50% mpaka 90%. Amachepetsanso kuchuluka kwa postherpetic neuralgia, ndipo, ngati matenda a nsungu (herpes zoster) ichitika, kuuma kwake. Ngati matenda a nsungu (herpes zoster) ikukula, mankhwala oletsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda monga aciclovir amatha kuchepetsa kuopsa ndi nthawi ya matenda ngati atayamba mkati mwa maola 72 kuchokera pakuwonekera kwa zidzolo.
○ Machiritso
Ngati zotupa zikufalikira mwachangu, onani dokotala mwachangu momwe mungathere kuti mupeze mankhwala oletsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
Mankhwala onse a antiviral ndi neuralgia amafunika. Muyenera kupuma ndikusiya kumwa mowa.
#Acyclovir
#Fancyclovir
#Valacyclovir
#Gabapentin
#Pregabalin